Skip to Main Content
  • Linde Worldwide
  • The Linde Group
  • About Linde
  • Career
  • Industrial Gases
    Saudi Arabia

  • Home
  • Industries
      • Aerospace & defence
      • Chemicals
        • Fine & specialty chemicals
        • Base & petrochemicals
      • Construction & infrastructure
        • Construction
        • Heating ventilation & air conditioning (HVAC)
        • Heavy machinery
        • Offshore
        • Pipelines
        • Wind, wave & tidal
      • Electronics
        • Contact the Linde team
        • LED Solid State Lighting
        • Photovoltaics
          • Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics
          • Thin-Film Silicon Photovoltaics
        • Semiconductor
        • TFT-LCD
          • TFT-LCD Manufacture
      • Food & beverages
        • Beverages
        • Dairy
        • Dry foods & bakery
        • Fruit & vegetables
        • Meat
        • Edible oils & fats
        • Prepared & catered foods
        • Fish & seafood
      • Glass
      • Laboratories
        • Automotive Laboratories
        • Chemicals Production
        • Environmental Protection
        • Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology
        • Power Generation
        • Petrochemical Processing
      • Leisure & hospitality
      • Metal fabrication
      • Mobility & transport
        • Automotive
        • Rail
        • Shipbuilding
        • Trucking
      • Pharma & biotechnology
        • Pharmaceuticals
      • Power & energy
      • Refining
      • Rubber & plastics
      • Pulp & paper
      • Steel & metals
        • Aluminium
        • Iron foundries
        • Steel
          • REBOX - Oxyfuel solutions for reheating
  • Processes
      • Analysis & Instrumentation
        • Traceability
      • Cleaning, Polishing & Grinding
        • Bleaching
          • Bleaching of Chemical Pulp
          • Oxygen Delignification
          • Oxygen Reinforced Alkaline Extraction
          • Oxygen Reinforced Peroxide Bleaching
          • Ozone Delignification/Bleaching
        • Carbon Dioxide Pulp Wash
        • Cleaning in the Printing Industry
      • Clinical Analysis & Diagnostics
      • Coating & Surface Treatment
        • Coating
        • Ultraviolet & Electron Beam Curing
      • Cutting & Joining
        • Cutting
        • Welding
      • Controlled & Modified Atmospheres
        • Biological Growth Control
        • Carbonation
        • Controlled Atmosphere Stunning (CAS)
        • Enhancing Greenhouse Growth
        • Liquid Nitrogen Dosing
        • Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)
          • MAPAX for Dairy
          • MAPAX for Dry Foods & Bakery
          • MAPAX for Fish & Seafood
          • MAPAX for Fruit & Vegetables
          • MAPAX for Meat
          • MAPAX for Prepared Foods
        • Oxygenation in Aquaculture
      • Leisure & Hospitality
      • Freezing & Cooling
        • Cooling of Core Hoses
        • Cryogenic Condensation
        • Dross Cooling
        • Extrusion Cooling
        • Food Chilling & Freezing
        • Ground Freezing
        • In-Transit Refrigeration
        • Cooling for Metal Fabrication
        • Rapid Cooling
        • Reactor Cooling
      • Fumigation & Pestcontrol
        • Fumigation
      • Heat Treatment
      • Inerting, Purging & Blanketing
        • Blanketing
          • Blanketing of food
        • Purging
          • Purging of Food
        • Sparging
          • Sparging of food
      • Melting & Heating
        • Glass Forming & Processing
        • Glass Melting
        • Heating for Metal Fabrication
      • Molding, Foaming, Forming & Extrusion
        • Tyre Vulcanisation
      • Petrochemical Processing & Refining
        • Fluid Catalytic Cracking
        • Gas/Liquid Reactions
        • Heterogeneous Oxidations
        • Hydrogen Applications
        • Oxygen Enrichment in Claus Plants
        • Partial Oxidation
      • Pharma & Biotechnology
      • Process Chemistry
        • Acetylene for Chemical Synthesis
        • Hydrogen Applications
        • Hydrogenation of Oil & Fat
        • ADALKA® Process
        • Recovery of Volatile Organic Compounds
        • Stirring
        • White Liquor Oxidation
      • Water & Soil Treatment
        • Ground Freezing
        • Water Treatment
          • Soil and Water Measurement
        • Soil and Water Measurement
  • Products and Supply
      • Atmospheric Gases
        • CRYOCLEAN Cleaning Solutions
      • Fuel gases
        • LINDOFLAMM Flame Solutions
        • LINSPRAY Thermal Spray Solutions
      • Electronic Gases and Chemicals
        • Bulk Gases
        • Electronic Special Gases
          • Bulk Electronic Special Gases
          • SPECTRA Lithography Gases
        • On-Site Gas Generation
          • SPECTRA-N On-Site Nitrogen generation
          • Generation-F On-Site Fluorine generation
          • On-Site Ammonia purification
        • On-Site Services
        • Gas Systems and Equipment
        • Wet Chemicals
      • Food Chilling
        • ACCU-CHILL
        • Dri-Pack Systems
        • Dry Ice
        • FROSTCRUISE - In-Transit Refrigeration
        • Pelletizers - On-Site Dry Ice
        • SNOWCOOL - Isothermal Trolleys
        • Snow Horns
        • Transport Controlled Temperature
      • Food Freezing
        • The Linde CRYOLINE family
        • CRYOLINE CF
        • CRYOLINE CS
        • CRYOLINE CW
        • CRYOLINE MT
        • CRYOLINE PE
        • CRYOLINE SC
        • CRYOLINE SI
        • CRYOLINE TI
        • CRYOLINE XF
      • Food Grade Gases
      • Fumigants
        • COSMIC (COS)
        • STERIGAS (EDN)
        • VAPORMATE (ETF+CO2)
      • Gas Mixtures
        • ARCLINE Welding Solutions
      • Helium
      • Industrial Gases
      • Packaged chemicals
        • Product range
          • Ammonia
          • Carbon monoxide
          • Ethylene
          • Ethylene oxide
          • Hydrogen chloride
          • Sulfur dioxide
          • Sulfur hexafluoride
          • Fire suppressants
          • Propellants
        • Material data
          • CAS Listing
          • Material Compatibility
          • Physical Data
      • Pharmaceuticals
        • Fluid Temperature Control
        • Traceability & Pharmaceutical Grade Gases
        • Vapour Emission Control
      • Refrigerants
        • Fluorocarbon Refrigerants
          • CFCs
          • HCFCs
          • HFCs
          • HFOs
        • Natural Refrigerants
          • R717 (Ammonia)
          • R744 (Carbon dioxide)
          • Hydrocarbon Refrigerants
        • Material data
          • CAS Listing
          • Material Compatibility
          • Physical Data
        • Reclaim & Recovery
        • Retrofit Technical Advice
          • HCFC Retrofit Information
        • Waste Management
      • Water Treatment
      • Welding and Safety Products
        • Gas Equipment
          • Flashback arrestors
          • MIG/MAG and TIG Torches
        • Welding Consumables
          • Welding Wires
          • Electrodes
        • Personal Protective Equipment
          • Safety glasses
          • Welding Helmet
          • Safety gloves
        • Arc Equipment and Accessories
        • Arc Equipment
          • Arc Equipment MMA130
          • Arc Equipment MMA170
          • Arc Equipment TIG 185
        • Safety Products
        • Welding & Safety Brands
        • Trade Tools
          • Cutting & Grinding Wheels
      • Specialty Gases & Equipment
        • Specialty Gases
          • Accreditation
          • Certification
          • Gas Mixtures
          • HiQ Gases
            • Tolerances
          • ISO 17025 Mixtures
          • Portable solutions
          • Pure Gases
            • Purity
          • Quality
          • SPECTRA Products
          • Supply Options
          • Traceability
        • Material Data
          • CAS Listing
          • Material Compatibility
          • Physical Data
        • Specialty Equipment
          • Cylinder Connection Finder
          • Cylinder Regulators
          • Gas Generators Hydrogen
          • Gas Generators Nitrogen
          • Gas Generators Zero Air
          • Gas Supply Panels
          • HiQ Cylinders
          • HiQ Equipment
          • Installation Qualification
          • Instrumentation Gas Finder
      • Supply Modes
        • Cylinders
        • Drum Tanks
        • Bulk Supply
        • Pipelines
        • Air Separation Plants
        • HyCO Plants
        • Reclaim & Recovery
        • Retrofit Technical Advice
        • Supply Reliability
  • Services
      • Administrative efficiency
      • Process know-how
      • Quality & safety
      • Supply reliability
  • Health & Safety
      • Product stewardship
      • Caring for the environment
        • Stepping up to the refrigerant challenge
          • Ozone depletion legislation
            • Overview of CFC phase-out legislation
            • Overview of EU HCFC phase-out legislation
          • Greenhouse Gas Legislation
      • Putting safety, health & the environment first
        • Safety Data Sheets
        • Handling dangerous substances
          • Safe transport of gases
          • Campaign against asphyxiation
        • Overview of chemicals legislation
      • Vision and policy
      • REACH
  • Innovations
      • Hydrogen Energy
        • Production
        • Distribution and storage
        • Fuel technologies
          • Cryo pump
          • Ionic Compressor
        • Applications
        • Initiatives and collaborative projects
        • FAQs
  • News & Media
      • Press Releases
      • Events
        • Events Archive
      • Publications
      • Image Library
      • BroadcastRoom
      • Media Contacts
  • Contact
      • Contact Form
  •  
  • Linde Worldwide
  • The Linde Group
  • About Linde
  • Career
  • Processes
  • Analysis & Instrumentation
  • Cleaning, Polishing & Grinding
    • Bleaching
      • Bleaching of Chemical Pulp
      • Oxygen Delignification
      • Oxygen Reinforced Alkaline Extraction
      • Oxygen Reinforced Peroxide Bleaching
      • Ozone Delignification/Bleaching
    • Carbon Dioxide Pulp Wash
    • Cleaning in the Printing Industry
  • Clinical Analysis & Diagnostics
  • Coating & Surface Treatment
  • Cutting & Joining
  • Controlled & Modified Atmospheres
  • Leisure & Hospitality
  • Freezing & Cooling
  • Fumigation & Pestcontrol
  • Heat Treatment
  • Inerting, Purging & Blanketing
  • Melting & Heating
  • Molding, Foaming, Forming & Extrusion
  • Petrochemical Processing & Refining
  • Pharma & Biotechnology
  • Process Chemistry
  • Water & Soil Treatment
  • Processes
  • Cleaning, Polishing & Grinding
  • Bleaching
  • Bleaching of Chemical Pulp

Bleaching of Chemical PulpRemoving impurities

The purpose of bleaching is to remove remaining dark coloured lignin impurities in the pulp and thus meet certain quality criteria.

Bleaching of chemical pulp is carried out in several stages. In modern mills, the bleaching starts with oxygen delignification for a reduction of the consumption of more expensive bleaching chemicals and a reduced effluent load from the bleach plant.

The predominant bleaching methods are elemental chlorine free (ECF) and totally chlorine free (TCF). In classic chlorine bleaching, molecular chlorine or chlorine gas are used with other chlorine containing chemicals such as hypochlorite. For environmental and quality reasons, other bleaching chemicals are replacing molecular chlorine and hypochlorite.

In TCF bleaching, available chemicals for TCF bleaching are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and peracids. In ECF bleaching chlorine dioxide is used with chlorine free chemicals.
Chemistry Team Contact
  • Ask the chemistry team
    Email us
More information
  • Industry: Pulp & paper
    •  
    • Sitemap
    • Terms of Use
    • Legal Notice
    • Data protection
  • © The Linde Group 2018